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How car suspension works?

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The roads are filled with irregularities and uneven surface. Vehicle moving over such terrain thus experiences vibrations due to the force transmitted because of the uneven surface. The vibrations in the vehicle arising due to road irregularities are absorbed by the suspension system.  For a Double Wishbone system the force gets transmitted from the wheels to the Knuckle then to the lower a arm and finally to the shock absorber where it gets damped out. Thus, the suspension system helps to provide a smooth and comfortable ride to the passengers. When a vehicle hits a bump in the road it causes the wheel to move up and down perpendicular to the road surface. The magnitude, of course, depends on whether the wheel is striking a giant bump or a tiny speck. Either way, the car wheel experiences a   vertical acceleration   as it passes over an imperfection. Without an intervening structure, all of wheel's vertical energy is transferred to the frame. In such a situat
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Why use soft springs at the front and not at the rear?

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Almost all the vehicles have soft spring at front suspension and stiffer spring at rear suspension. The following two common question arises, Why not use both with same stiffness? and  Why do we need a soft spring at front and not at rear?  The answer to the above first question is that if the springs are made out of same stiffness then the car may experience a jumping effect due to weight transfer of the vehicle during accleration of when the car travel over uneven road. Now as we know when we use soft spring, the wheels have more traction or contact with the ground. Thus, the description itself answers the question i.e by using soft spring at front will give more contact with the road hence when a car jumps or travels an uneven surface it will help the car to steer well and keep the car in control. Ofcourse using soft springs at the rear will provide more traction to the rear wheel driving car but car handling is a more critical part then traction. So, it is always pre
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Roll Center location

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Most of the books says that the roll center should be as low as possible (Nearer to the ground) to Minimize body roll. But this statement is not applicable in all conditions. The basic logic behind minimizing body roll is that. "The Distance between the CG (Center of gravity) and Roll center should be as minimum as possible."  The above fig. explains everything. The distance between CG and RC leads to generation of Moment. Thus the lesser the distance, lesser will be the chance of the vehicle to roll. Now for the books that says that Roll Center should be low ; The reason for this statement is for most of the vehicle CG is nearer to the ground hence lower the RC less will be the distance between RC and CG. Thus, less will be the moment generated. Thus the conclusion is that the RC should be close to the CG to minimize body roll.
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